GENERAL INFORMATION

What is in a name? There are a number of ways to identify those with Native American backgrounds, and the names used may differ within families, across generations, and geographically. For healthcare professionals, asking how an individual chooses to identify themselves may be important question.

- Native American
- American Indian
- Indigenous

DIVERSITY:

Urban
- Urban and tribally enrolled
- Urban and not enrolled
Reservation- federally recognized
Tribes not federally recognized
Individuals not enrolled due to blood quantum requirements
Indigenous, adopted and raised by non-Natives
Other

TRIBE:

A group comprised of members, families (generations), clans and band living together supporting each other.

Federally-Recognized Tribes

There are over 330 tribal entities in the “lower 48” states, recognized by the United States government. Some of those so recognized are actually portions of a larger tribe, as in the various bands of the Chippewa Tribe, for example. There are also an additional 230 American Indian entities recognized by the federal government in Alaska, also included in the Federal Register list.

NATIONAL CONGRESS OF AMERICAN INDIANS:

- https://www.ncai.org/tribal-directory

HISTORY

http://HISTORY: https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/native-american-cultures

DEMOGRAPHICS

https://www.ncai.org/about-tribes/demographics

Populations, Health Disparities; Tribal Economies; Public Safety and Security; Energy on Tribal Lands; Families, Housing and Quality of Life; Tribal Lands, Forests and Roads; Education

https://www.ncai.org/tribalnations/introduction/Indian_Country_101_Updated_February_2019.pdf

POPULATION:

According to the 2010 Decennial Census, 0.9% of the U.S. population, or 2.9 million people, identified as American Indian or Alaska Native alone, while 1.7% of the U.S. population, or 5.2 million people, identified as American Indian or Alaska Native alone or in combination with another race. This is an increase since 2000 of over 39%. With the upcoming 2020 Decennial Census, the population is expected to increase once again.
In 2019, 1.6 million American Indian and Alaska Natives were under the age of 18, which comprised 27.5 percent of this group in comparison to 18.6 percent of non-Hispanic whites.

LOCATION:

In 2019, ten states with the largest American Indian/Alaska Native populations were: Arizona, California, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Texas, North Carolina, Alaska, Washington, South Dakota, New York.
American Indian reservation and trust land areas comprise 56 million acres. Alaska Native corporations and villages control 44 million acres as fee simple land under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act.
Currently, there are 574 federally recognized (AI/AN) tribes, and more than 100 state recognized tribes. There also are tribes that are not state or federally recognized.
43% of those who identify as Native American live in the West, 31% in the South, 17% in the Midwest and 9% in the Northeast. Approximately 4 out of 10 Native Americans live in the west

https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/articles/the-states-where-the-most-native-americans-live

LANGUAGE IN THE HOME:

Language Fluency: In 2019, 26.7 percent of American Indians/Alaska Natives alone spoke a language other than English at home.

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:

In 2019, 84.4 percent of American Indians and Alaska Natives alone or in combination had at least a high school diploma, as compared to 93.3 percent of non-Hispanic whites. 20.8 percent of American Indians and Alaska Natives age 25 and over had at least a bachelor’s degree, in comparison to 36.9 percent of non-Hispanic whites. 7.6 percent of American Indians and Alaska Natives held an advanced graduate or professional degree, as compared to 13.9 percent of the non-Hispanic white population.

ECONOMICS:

The median household income for American Indian and Alaska Natives is $49,906, as compared to $71,664 for non-Hispanic white households.
32.0 percent of American Indians and Alaska Natives age 16 and over work in management and professional occupations, in comparison to 44.8 percent of whites.
Also in 2019, 20.3 percent of this population live at the poverty level, as compared to 9.0 percent of non-Hispanic whites.
In 2019, the overall unemployment rate for American Indians/Alaska Natives was 7.9 percent, as compared to 3.7 percent for non-Hispanic whites.

HEALTH:

Some of the leading diseases and causes of death among AI/AN are heart disease, cancer, unintentional injuries (accidents), diabetes, and stroke. American Indians/Alaska Natives also have a high prevalence and risk factors for mental health and suicide, unintentional injuries, obesity, substance use, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), teenage pregnancy, diabetes, liver disease, and hepatitis.
Other Health Concerns: The tuberculosis rate in 2019 was almost 7 times higher for American Indians/Alaska Natives, with an incidence rate of 3.4, as compared to 0.5 for the white population.

HISTORY OF DEAF NATIVE AMERICANS

https://www.verywellhealth.com/deaf-native-americans-1046749

https://rethinkingschools.org/articles/kill-the-indian-kill-the-deaf/

INDIGENOUS HERITAGE MONTH: NOVEMBER

https://www.csd.org/stories/indigenous-heritage-month/

MASSACRE AT WOUNDED KNEE AND THE ROLE OF BLACK COYOTE – A DEAF WARRIOR

https://firstpeoplesvoices.com/littlebighorn.htm

https://hearinghealthmatters.org/hearinginternational/2019/the-deafness-of-black-coyote/

CULTURAL IDENTITY:

THE DOUBLE DIVIDE:

https://indiancountrytoday.com/archive/the-double-divide-deaf-and-native

THE SILENT ONES: INDIANS AND HEARING LOSS

https://indiancountrytoday.com/archive/the-silent-ones-indians-and-hearing-loss

DEAF LEADERS:

HISTORICAL:

HUME LEPRINCE “BATS” BATTISTE: NATIVE AMERICAN/BLACK DEAF

https://infoguides.rit.edu/deafdiversity/nativeam

JOHN L. CLARKE – BLACKFOOT DEAF SCULPTOR

https://www.theclarkegallery.com/

DEAF NATIVE AMERICAN FACEBOOK:

http://DEAF NATIVE AMERICAN FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/groups/29798247066/

FACEBOOK PAGE FOR FAMILIES: GATHERING OF DEAFATIVES

https://www.facebook.com/groups/deafatives/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SlksdQT5JRE

DEAF NATIVE SHARES FOUR AMAZING CULTURAL STORIES:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zKLmJ1E83Vs

Traveling Morning Star ; James Wooden Legs Northern Cheyenne

FLARIN BIG LAKE:

https://silentgrapevine.com/2018/09/deaf-native-american-who-belongs-to-the-crow-tribe.html

Flarin Big Lake is fully a Deaf indigenous who belongs to the Crow tribe. Flarin shares his culture, traditional dance, food, and history at the 100th Annual Crow Fair Celebration; the largest Native American event in Montana, and one of the biggest powwows in the country.

DENNIS LONG – DINE’ DEAF TRADITIONAL WEAVER TEEC NOS POS

https://www.indigenousways.org/events/wisdom-circle-with-dennis-long

DEAF NANTICOKE SHOEMAKER

https://infoguides.rit.edu/deafdiversity/nativeam

DEAF NATIVE HOOP DANCER:

Antoine Hunter Deaf Native Hoop Dancer

https://abc7news.com/antoine-hunter-oakland-professional-dancer-bay-area-international-deaf-dance-festival-san-francisco/7369532/

DEAF NATIVE AMERICAN ARTISTS:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7WdM88P5Aww

DEAF INDIGENOUS ART:

https://devartivistunited.files.wordpress.com/2021/02/deafindigenousart.pdf

DR. JENNY GOUGH: PROFESSOR, INTERPRETOR EDUCATION SPECIALIST

•El Salvador Indigenous Tribes- Maya, Chippewa, Lenca, Mangue, and Pipil & Latina•

http://www.deafwomenofcolor.org/overlooked-gems

DEAF INDIGENOUS ACTIVIST:

Chanupa Wa’ste Win (Good Peace Pipe Woman) – RACHEL KILLS SMALL-

Lakewood, Colorado•

•3rd generations of American Indian Movement•

•seasonal grower @ Slosson Family Farm LLC•

•winyan (woman)•

https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=1601355473300100

INDIGENOUS CULTURE VIDEOS:

https://www.csdeagles.com/apps/pages/Indigenous_Culture

SARAH YOUNG-BEAR BROWN;

https://howlround.com/happenings/livestreaming-conversation-deafwoke-sarah-young-bear-brown

https://hamiltonrelay.com/iowa/news/sarah-youngbear-brown-selected-for-hamilton-relay-2016-deaf-community-leader-award-for-the-state-of-iowa-598.html

When Grizzlies Walked Upright

https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=506268677287719

Why would the Native Americans never kill a grizzly bear? A Native American, Sarah Young Bear Brown, shares the Modoc legend

TRISTAN THUNDERBOLT:

https://prezi.com/jwlpoxqyapbb/tristan-thunderbolt/

Tristan is a Native American (Chippewa/Ojibwa/Ojibway) Deaf from the Credit Indian Reservation in Ontario, Canada. He is a graduate Gallaudet University. Tristan is an actor and has been featured in several short/feature films and performed in several theater shows. He is Deaf and fluent in American Sign Language.

INDIGENOUS/NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGES IN THE UNITED STATES

In 1492, approximately 1,000 different Native American languages were spoken

http://www.native-languages.org/north-america.htm

There are approximately 296 spoken (or formerly spoken) Indigenous languages north of Mexico, 269 of which are grouped into 29 families (the remaining 27 languages are either isolates or unclassified). The Na-Dene’, Algic, and Uto-Aztecan families are the largest in terms of number of languages.

MOST COMMONLY SPOKEN INDIGENOUS LANGUAGES IN THE UNITED STATES:

INDIAN COUNTRY TODAY:

https://indiancountrytoday.com/archive/7-most-popular-native-american-languages-in-us

1. 1. Dine’ (Navajo)
  2. Yupik
  3. Lakota (Sioux)
  4. Apache (Mescalero, Jicarillo, Kiowa, Mescalero/Chiricahua Apache (New Mexico, Oklahoma) and Western Apache
  5. Rio Grande Keresan (Acoma, Laguna, Santa Ana, Zewa, Kewa, Cochiti, San Felipe)
  6. Cherokee (Tsalagi)
  7. Choctaw